Marketing Communication - 998 Words

Marketing communications are the means by which firms attempt to inform, persuade, and remind consumers—directly or indirectly—about the products and brands that they sell. The marketing communications mix consists of six major modes of communication. List and briefly explain each using a specific product or service to illustrate their use. The chosen product for this assignment is Coca – Cola. It is a well known fizzy beverage which has been around from the eighteenth century. The primary target market of the Coca – Cola Company is all customers of all nations that have a thirst for a high – quality beverage from a reputable brand that cares about small communities and saving the environment. This Company is well known for advertising†¦show more content†¦Advertising in magazines, Coca-Cola can geographically and demographically select consumers that it wants to target and by outdoor advertising Coca-Cola can strategically position its advertisements and also achieve high repeat exposure. The company has its own website. This website allows customers to become interactive through various games, contests, shopping, and through a special section of the website that enables consumers to find out how they can help their community. Coca – Cola handles PR by including a press centre on its website where it can address law suits, rumours, stories, new products, and activities. Their salespeople represent the company to communicate, sell, service, and build relationships with customers. They promote their product to different customers within their regions, and once they sustain a customer, they sell their products to them and service them many times per week. These individuals form close relationships with the customers in order to continue business with them. In festive seasons for example Christmas, Coca Cola fosters sales promotion by selling signature Coca – Cola favors for a limited time. In Trinidad it is evident at their distribution centers there are lo ng lines of customers purchasing the memorabilia. From the aforementioned analysis it is evident that the marketing communication mix supports the marketing objectives of the company. However the company must assess the effectiveness of theirShow MoreRelatedMarketing Communication : Marketing Mix Essay760 Words   |  4 PagesMarketing communication refers to the means through which a business tries to inform and persuade the consumers about their products and services they offer. Different direct or indirect channels of communication are used for marketing. A mix of these different types channels of communication is known as Marketing Mix. (Kotler Keller, 2014) Below we will see how different marketing mix tools are used by Domino’s to sell their products to their targeted audience. †¢ Social Media Nowadays SocialRead MoreMarketing Communication Plan For Marketing Communications2623 Words   |  11 Pagesmarket: 3 1.4 – Objectives for next five years: 4 1.5 –Mission and Vision: 4 2 – Marketing communications: 4 2.1 – Platforms of communications: 4 2.1.1 – Social media: 5 2.1.2 – In-product communication: 5 2.1.3 – Email marketing: 5 2.1.4 – Branding: 5 2.2 – Entrepreneurial marketing: 6 2.3 – Internal and external communications: 6 2.4 – HB Agency’s approach to marketing communications: 6 2.4 – Suggested marketing communication plan: 7 3 – Conclusion: 8 References: 9 Appendices: 10 Appendices (A): 10 AppendicesRead MoreMarketing Communication Objective2641 Words   |  11 PagesMarketing communication objective Planning is everything when it comes to measuring your success. If you fail to plan, it’s like a sailboat in the middle of the ocean without sails; you have no clue in which direction you will be sailing. This is why developing a  marketing communication objective  is paramount to your marketing success. What is  marketing communications  without having an objective? After all, an objective is the goal intended to be attained, which should be attainable and can be measuredRead MoreMarketing Communication3782 Words   |  16 PagesUNIT 1 Objectives MARKETING COMMUNICATION PROCESS Marketing Communication Process After having gone through this unit, you will be able to: Explain the concept and role of marketing communication; Describe the marketing communication process; Discuss some sources of misunderstanding in communication process; and Comment upon the role of the various promotional elements in a marketing communication programme. Structure 1.1 1.2 1 .3 1.4 15 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.10 1.11 1:12 Introduction TheRead MoreMarketing Communications Methods795 Words   |  3 PagesScheduling refers to the time frame of when the marketing communications methods will occur, this fixes up a pattern of time of when the messages will be delivered to the targeted audience in an accurate way and a suitable timing. There are three models of advertising scheduling: continuity, flighting and pulsing. Continuity is a model best suit products or services that do not rely seasonally for advertisements, for having a continuous demand year round. The advertisement of the firm runs throughoutRead MoreMarketing Communication Objectives1314 Words   |  5 PagesThe marketing communication objectives are determined by problems the firm come across and any market opportunities the firm has to resolve to overcome. It is important because it is used to evaluate communication; planning and decision making and to measure results. The major marketing c ommunication objectives are creating brand awareness; defining a satisfying needs for the product and encourage action from targeted audience. Creating brand awareness is to notify the target audience about theRead MoreMarketing Communication3427 Words   |  14 Pagesspread their product. It is because the economy of Singapore is much prospered and grows 4.1% in 2013. Moreover, westernization of Singaporean will enhance value of Starbucks. After analyzing external and internal environment, company need to make marketing strategy to suite their target market. Starbucks clearly segment its clientele on demographic bases. They focus its offer on the age of its customers, often between 25 and 40, but also on income since these are quite high wages. As mentioned, StarbucksRead MoreMarketing Communication ( Imc )1234 Words   |  5 PagesIntergrade Marketing Communication (IMC) is defined as ‘’ a strategic business process which is used to plan, develop, execute, and evaluate coordinated, measurable, persuasive brand communication programs over time with consumers, customers, prospects, and other targeted, relevant external and internal audiences.† (Schultz Schultz (1998,p.18). More than three decades, IMC still remain as an issue without a standard terminology. While it has been argued that IMC can help a company on how to promoteRead MoreMarketing : Marketing And Business Communication3688 Words   |   15 Pages Literature Review Marketing and Business Communication Submitted by: Group â€Å"I† Mayra Geovanna Araujo (201500744) Parminder Kaur Ottal (201502018) Oscar Navarrete (201402939) Angie Vivian Montana Londono (201401564) Bhim Prasad Paudel (201402272) Submitted to: Dr. Grace Phanathiroj 1. Introduction Every organisation large and small, government, commercial, educational, charities and others need to communicate with a range of stakeholders. This is because they need to getRead MoreMarketing Communication And Brand Communication Essay1760 Words   |  8 PagesCity, similar to many other cities throughout the world have begun to resemble an arcade rather than an urban setting for living and working. The results of marketing communication and brand communication are what makes up this arcade-like setting in many parts of the modern day world. Marketers create advertisements by evaluating the marketing mix and stakeholder’s interest. People cannot get away from the multibillion dollar advertising world that has been created by persuaders. Immeasurable amounts

Advertisements and Their Impact on Consumer Buying Behaviour

ABSTRACT Advertising is a subset of marketing, a form of communication intended to persuade people to purchase or take any action with respect to the products or the services. In todays world, firms dont hold back in spending millions of dollars on advertising and marketing. The obvious reason being that the competition is very high and every firm wants to sell its product and make it a brand. Effective advertising techniques used in advertisements make a world of difference in sales prospects of a product. Advertising effectiveness is measured by the role the advertisement has played in making the product a real success and how well it has connected with the customers. For print media it is very important to see how well it is doing in†¦show more content†¦Effective advertising campaigns are a key to ensure that the product is launched in market at the right time and garners maximum sales. It is the hallmark of every successful advertising campaign that its coupled with creativity a nd lots of thought behind it. The winners in choosing effective advertising techniques are the ad makers who never underestimate the power of consumer intelligence. If an ad can emotionally appeal to an audience, it certainly has the potential to attract more attention from consumers and they may be eventually compelled to buy it. How does a consumer react to an advertisement to the way a company depicts its image and thus lending a monotony in the buying pattern and retention is what is important at the end of the day and the success of the advertisement is the main idea. The impact of the activities by the company which makes the frame for the buying spree of the consumer is the idea behind this research paper. IMPORTANCE OF ADVERTISING Generally, advertising is a relatively low-cost method of conveying selling messages ton numerous prospective customers. It can secure leads for salesmen and middlemen by convincing readers to request more information and by identifying outlets handling the product. It can force middlemen to stock the product by building consumer interest. It can help train dealers salesmen in product uses and applications. It can build dealer and consumerShow MoreRelatedExploring The Impact Of Celebrity Endorsement On Consumer1097 Words   |  5 PagesEXPLORING THE IMPACT OF CELEBRITY ENDORSEMENT ON CONSUMER PREFERENCE AND BUYING BEHAVIOUR (A CASE OF SELECTED DIRECT TO HOME (DTH) SERVICE PROVIDERS IN JODHPUR) A RESEARCH PROPOSAL (SYNOPSIS) SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION, FACULTY OF COMMERCE MANAGEMENT STUDIES, JAI NARAIN VYAS UNIVERSITY, JODHPUR, RAJASTHAN FOR THE REGISTERATION OF DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY (PhD) UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF: SUBMITTED BY: Dr. M.L.VASITA Read MoreThe Effects Of Emotional Appeals On A Consumer s Behavior1651 Words   |  7 Pageschange behaviour in the audience as they serve as a stimulus examples of these are road safety campaigns, cancer screenings and HIV/AIDS awareness. Shock which is aroused in an unexpected exposure to real-life images is very efficient and can result in strong emotional appeals that have a huge impact on a consumer’s behaviour and reaction (Banyte, Paskeviciute, and Rutelione, 2014). They also can be memorable but it should be noted that memorability does not bring about a change in behaviour or bringRead MoreBuying Behavior of Blog Shoppers1325 Words   |  5 PagesBuying behaviour that occurs in blogs can differ significantly from the buying behaviour that occurs in other forms of social media. As stated before, blogs can portray several different forms of marketing that appeal to the consumers. Written from an unbiased point of view, consumers tend to put more weight into the opinion of other consumers than they would in other forms of advertisement such as banner ads or PR statements. The marketing efforts that can be found in blogs can have a huge impactRead MoreOnline Advertising As An Advertising Medium Essay1398 Words   |  6 Pagesfew years, increase the trend of shopping online (James et al, 2016). Nowadays, many companies are more concerning about how to attract customers to increase their revenue and become a leader in competitive market. So they m ove towards online advertisements as many people spend more time for suffering on internet. Moreover, online advertising become popular in early 20th century in United States. It changed the dimension of growth and competition between online marketers. However, there are someRead MoreThe Influence of TV Advertisements on the Buying Behavior of Adult Consumers in the State of Haryana3060 Words   |  13 PagesIntroduction Advertisements are cost-effective ways to disseminate messages with a view to build a brand preference or to educate people (Kotler Keller, 2006). The majority of the marketers use mass media for their marketing communications. The choice of media is dependent upon the nature of the message and the intended target audience (Etzel et al, 2008). Television is generally acknowledged as the most powerful advertising medium. The wide reach translates to low cost per exposure (Kotler KellerRead MoreConsumer Decision Making Process And The Beverage Brand Products1421 Words   |  6 PagesConsumers buying decision making play an important role for the success of every company or organisation. Without the investigation into consumers and their buying behaviour companies and organisation and marketer cannot achieved their aims and objective of their goals in the sale of their product. The purpose of this investigation is to explore the relationship between the consumers buying decision maki ng process and the beverage brand products. (Coca Cola and Pepsi Cola) The data for the researchRead MoreAfro Caribbean Restaurant s Secondary Target Market1564 Words   |  7 PagesAfro-Caribbean restaurant. These behaviours have been spotted and targeted since they evidenced interest which may be motivated and otherwise encouraged. Behavioural segmentation is a principal tool for targeting online marketing content, as individuals’ social sharing may be scraped and aggregated into behavioural profiles. The only issue with behavioural targeting is that it is solely a corollary for internal needs alone as it is not an important prediction of future behaviour. It is more reliable whenRead MoreSample Chapter 1 thesis1536 Words   |  7 Pageslisteners or even groups. It drives the behavior of consumers’ tastes and desires in choosing particular product and services. Advertising happens in many different ways. But most of the products were advertised on television becau se of its various senses being practiced. And in that matter the audience will be able to learn and inform more easily. Advertisers use many different techniques to get people to notice there adverts. Some advertisements used the popularity of a person, for example, theyRead MoreUnderstanding The Consumers Buying Behavior1403 Words   |  6 PagesUnderstanding the consumers’ buying behaviour is a complicated but essential task for all marketing managements. It is vital to understand how people make purchase decisions and what drives them to buy one specific product and no other. According to Kotler et al. (2013) â€Å"consumer buyer behaviour refers to the buying behaviour of final consumers – individuals and households that buy goods and services for personal consumption.† It may be a costly and time-consuming task to find out what, when, whereRead MoreOnline Advertisement On Their Own Will Essay954 Words   |  4 Pagesclick on online advertisement on thei r own will. In a study conducted by bannerblindness.org, 50% of users never click on an online advertisement while 33% click on more than 5 ads per month. Question 15 This result show a similar result with the online advertisement channels, the most commonly click-on web advertisement are social media ad and follow by adwords advertisement and email advertisement. A recent study has shown that social media is become more important as an online channels for

Human Resource Management Harley Medical Center

Question: Discuss about the Human Resource Management for Harley Medical Center. Answer: Introduction This assignment is based on the subject of Human Resource Management. The central focus of the study is on the case study of Harley Medical Center, which agreed to settle the EEOC race discrimination case. During this assignment, the answers have been provided for different questions and it has been tried to get an in-depth knowledge on the non-discrimination policies at a workplace. 1: In the case of Harley Medical Center, it has been identified that many people has complained that the African-American nurses do not provide proper care to their new born babies. In order to satisfy the family members of the patients or parents of the new born babies, the medical center tried to not assign the African-American nurses in the care of the white people. However, this has caused the violation of Civil Rights Act 1964. The balance between the patients rights and preferences and employee non-discrimination laws and policies has been made by providing training to the management and other level employees. At the same time, making the patients aware that customers or patients preferences regarding the employees are violating the law and so the medical center will not tolerate this. No staff choice will be tolerated further (Eeoc.gov, 2016). 2: As per the Harley Medical Center case, the CEO of the hospital Melany Gavulic made an agreement with EEOC in order to remove staff discrimination and provide more safety to the employees. In order to do that, the CEO denied granting the request of the patients family member regarding the change of nurse for the patient. The hospital authority understood that if they prioritize the patients preference regarding the selection of staff, then the employees safety will be at risk. Due to this, the hospital authority decided to focus on the laws and policies of employment non-discrimination, so that the employee safety can be improved (Eeoc.gov, 2016). 3: Title VII of Civil Right Act 1964 has been violated because as per this particular law, the organization should not influence or accept employment non-discrimination within the workplace. In this law, it has been strictly instructed that the discrimination against any person based on colour, religion, race or gender is illegal (Eeoc.gov, 2016). 4: The management at Hurley Medical Center settled both the EEOC charges and the lawsuit because as per the Title VII of Civil Right Act 1964, participation in the employment discrimination lawsuit is illegal. Therefore, if the organization did not settle down the lawsuit then that could raise controversies and legal steps could be taken by the government. Therefore, the reputation of the organization could be highly affected (Thompson Kasarda, 2015). At the same time, the employees, who were the victim of this discrimination, could raise their voice against the organization. Hence, the management thought that settling down the EEOC charges and the lawsuit is better for the organization. 5: In order to manage the situation at Hurley Medical Center, there are two OD interventions that would be very effective and the OD interventions are Diagnostic activity and Process consultation. Diagnostic activity would have been effective because in this particular OD intervention provides the remedies after conducting detained analysis. At first, the information about the organizations activity is collected and then observation is done and meetings are arranged with the subordinates. This helps to create better communication system among the employees. Based on the collected information action plan is taken (Rothstein, 2015). Hence, the action place would have been very effective for managing the situation at Hurley. Process consultation is another effective OD intervention because in process consultation, an OD consultant is invited to assist the management level employees to understand and act on the events that are in process within the organization. In this particular OD intervention, the observation is done on the leadership style, communication technique and decision-making process and with the help of the observation, the consultant assists the employees or managers. Therefore, if the management of Hurley would have taken this OD intervention, then the problem of Hurley could be manage properly. 6: Yes, this particular employment discrimination case represents that the organization that is Hurley Medical Center is failure in maintaining a successful cultural diversity and proficiency. This is because the employee discrimination clearly states that there is no equal space for each employee and each culture and so the proficiency in the work of the employees is affected by discrimination (Usatoday.com, 2016). 7: If the tattoo had not been visible then the situation might be different for sometimes. However, in long run the problems would occurred because the employment discrimination was still there and the safety of the employees was at risk. 8: This case has received the national attention because the law and policies have been violated. At the same time, the employment-discrimination showed disrespect to the culture of a large portion of the people in the country, who was affected or victim of this type of activities. At the same time, employment discrimination was unethical (Heckman Verkerke, 2015). Moreover, the organization that is Hurley Medical Center was one of the top most medical centers in the country and employment discrimination in such type of medical center caught the national attention. 9: Employment discrimination can never be allowed in any organization. The employment discrimination case can never create a positive reaction and so the outcome is always negative. However, the organization must have taken some strategies beforehand in order to protect the organization from such type of case. 10: In order to handle the situation of employment discrimination different steps need to be followed. The steps are as under: The step that needs to be taken in the very beginning is elimination of the system of hierarchical decision-making. In order to create a positive and friendly working environment, it is very important to involve the employees apart from the managers in the process of decision making (Thompson Kasarda, 2015). The second step is emphasizing on group work. If the focus is made on the group, then no customer or patient can influence or select any particular employee for availing the service. In the third step, the organization must try to build trust amount the employees. High level of trust among the employees can create team bonding and protect the organization from negative external influences. The fourth step is removing the unnecessary competition between the employees. High level competition generates or influences the employee discrimination. The employees, who are stronger, try to dominate the weak employees. Hence, high level competition needs to be removed (Rothstein, 2015). The fifth step is providing sensitive training. Training is very important to make the employees aware of their duties and required behavior within the organization. In the sixth step, the organization needs to take strategic interventions. Strategic intervention helps to create better relationship with the external environment. Therefore, employee discrimination can be stopped. Conclusion In this study, it has been identified that the employment discrimination at Hurley Medical Center violated the Title VII of Civil Rights Act 1964. Due to this, the management of the organization took needful steps so that any kind of controversy can be avoided. At the same time, the management of the organization has also settled down the EEOC charges and the lawsuit. However, there are some other steps that the management of the organization could have taken in order to manage the negative impact of the situation. Reference list: Eeoc.gov. (2016). Eeoc.gov. Retrieved 17 August 2016, from https://www.eeoc.gov Eeoc.gov. (2016). Eeoc.gov. Retrieved 17 August 2016, from https://www.eeoc.gov/laws/statutes/ Heckman, J. J., Verkerke, J. H. (2015). Racial Disparity and Employment Discrimination Law: An Economic Perspective.Yale Law Policy Review,8(2), 6. Rothstein, M. A. (2015). Innovations of the Americans with Disabilities Act: confronting disability discrimination in employment.JAMA,313(22), 2221-2222. Thompson, J. P., Kasarda, R. W. (2015). At Fifty, Title VII Needs a Facelift: Two Reforms that Would Ensure Title VII Works to Prohibit All Racial Discrimination in Employment.JCR Econ. Dev.,28, 257. Usatoday.com. (2016). USA TODAY. Retrieved 7 August 2016, from https://www.usatoday.com/

Personality Youre Contributing free essay sample

Everywhere I go, a stereotypical view of me is slapped on my back as my identification piece. An identification piece that labels me as, â€Å"African, poor, and disposable.† It’s that stereotypical viewpoint that usually holds me to a standard below that of my ability. Two people in the world don’t underestimate me by holding me to that standard. Those people are my parents. Being less fortunate than I, they were not able to live in a country that takes education so seriously. Both have only finished high school and the thought of a four-year institution is exactly that, a thought. Since Ive entered Townview Magnet all their much needed and appreciated homework help and late night project aids have stopped. Not because they’re unwilling but because they’re unable. High school gave me a platter of opportunities, but also took away my most valuable help line. With the cutting of my help line also came a burden: a burden to lift not only my parents but my family out of the socioeconomic hole into which society has dumped them, a burden to make my mother’s time worthwhile as she goes to community college to improve herself while she manages a five-member family, a burden to make my dad’s time worthwhile as he works seventeen hours a day to support our family, a burden to give my little brother and sister an older brother to look up to. We will write a custom essay sample on Personality Youre Contributing or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page A burden to release myself from the identification piece that labeled me as an inadequate African. A burden that I can only be released from by being the first in my family to attend college. This hardship has shaped not only my personal responsibilities and my academic credentials but also my personality a personality that screams, â€Å"I am Ethiopian, poor, and proud.† I will be contributing this very personality to The University of Texas at Dallas.

Adopting an Information Strategy

Introduction Many improvements in the information technology have recently occurred changing the entire manner in which organizations conduct their businesses. With the help of sophisticated communication devices such as the Internet, coupled with the implementation on of the latest models such as trading hubs and distributed networks, companies stand a chance to slash their total expenditure.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Adopting an Information Strategy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Unfortunately, many organizations are unable to receive optimum utilization of this technology because of the implementation of poor strategies for adopting information technology. The use of effective information strategy should reshape the culture and strategies in an organization. Peters, Heng, and Vet (2002, p.21) define information strategy as â€Å"a unified blueprint utilized by an organization for capturing, processing, delivering, integrating, and presenting of organization’s information in a timely, fast, clean, and consistent manner.† In this regard, any information flowing within an organization should be fast, consistent and devoid of any errors. The new and fast business models have thoroughly sidelined convectional methodologies used by organization in their activities. In any organization, adopting an information strategy is critical in ensuring that the organization withstands stiff competition from other companies. This paper provides a critical literature review on adopting an information strategy by selecting five articles focusing on the issue. The essence of adopting an information strategy Creating an effective communication strategy is of immense essence in any organization. In the recent decades, many organizations have recognized the significant potential of effective information strategies to support various organizational activities, aiding them to gain a unique competitive advantage (Peters, Heng Vet, 2002, p.19). This has increased the essence of adopting information strategy by many organizations all over the globe. Adopting information strategy increases efficiency in a company by ensuring the delivery of all the necessary information in a timely manner with no interruptions. In addition, information strategy aids in keeping healthy relationships between the company and its customers. Through information strategies, multinational companies are able to perform their activities in any part of the globe by utilizing standardized procedures. As Peters, Heng and Vet (2002, p.22) reckon, â€Å"an organization develops through a path of evolution in order to survive†¦this path†¦through a process of continuous change†. Every organization has to be innovative to survive.Advertising Looking for critical writing on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn Mor e Peters, Heng and Vet discuss the strategy of information system within Leasehold Company from 1963 all the way to 1986. They discover the evolution pattern and factors affecting information system strategy. This provides a better insight on adoption of information strategy in various organizations. As the study conducted reveals, there was no application of IS planning. Instead, organizational evolution concepts provided a significant contribution in the process of analyzing the whole development of IS a strategy at this company. As the author posits, identifying IS strategy and utilizing it to serve diverse objectives is of paramount importance (Peters, Heng, Vet 2002, p.23). Another importance of adopting information strategy is an improvement of customer relations in an organization. Utilizing media to communicate with customers has many benefits. Chung-Hoon Young-Gul (2003, p.653) reckon, â€Å"enabled by advanced and sophisticated technologies, companies can now collect unprecedented amount and depth of data on their customers and turn it into valuable information for strategic purposes of the business.† Collecting and analyzing customer’s information is paramount. People need to do it by building a CIS that will enhancive management of customer relationship. An effective CIS should support all types of customer information. As Chung-Hoon and Young-Gul (2003, p. 669) point out, an effective CIS should have the capacity of managing the entire customers’ life cycle, transforming one-time buyers into lifetime core customers. Attracting and retaining customers are of exceptional essence in any organization, as it increases sales leading to more revenues. Factors affecting the adoption of information strategy The current world is changing at a tremendous rate towards effective and faster communication and sophisticated technology that has availed wide options for organizations (Michael 2003, p.27). However, inasmuch as information st rategy provides many benefits, people need to consider certain factors before its adoption by an organization.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Adopting an Information Strategy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The article written by Peter, Heng, and Vet provides an extensive description of this by analyzing a case study involving the evolution of Information system (IS) strategy in a Dutch company named Leasehold that involves itself in global leasing. The article emphasizes on the potential of utilizing information systems in improving the efficiency of various activities in an organization. Thus, it enables them to remain competitive in their field. However, the cost of information systems (IS) is a significant hindrance to the adoption of this technology by many organizations. Companies that want to automate their operations, gain strategic advantages, and enhance decision-making have to spend large sums of money approximately millions of dollars. A recent study by Akmanligil and Prashant examine the strategies for global development of information systems, and the main factors affecting their selections. According to this article, cost is one among the key factors influencing the selection of information systems. Akmanligil and Prashant (2004, p. 45) astutely reckon that, â€Å"despite the fact that faster and cheaper communication devices and computers are often introduced to the market on a daily base, the software costs of building information systems (IS) is much higher than that of hardware at a ratio of 80: 20†. Consequently, organizations have to carry out a thorough study of the financial implications of the information strategy they are planning to adopt. Failure to accomplish this will lead to a financial whammy, thus, slowing down operations in the organization. The challenge of globalization is another factor that affects the adoption of information systems . As Akmanligil and Prashant (2004, p.46) posit, globalization has a great impact on how activities of a multinational company are coordinated on a worldwide basis. The system used to mange activities of an organization across one or many borders is referred to as a global information system (GIS). It is extremely critical in managing business activities in multinational corporations (Akmanligil Prashant 2004, p. 46).Advertising Looking for critical writing on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The planning of the methods utilized before implementing information strategy is another factor affecting the adoption of information technology. Utilizing a skilled planning method is of paramount essence. This is because of the fact that comprehensive planning methods provide clear steps for planning a new information strategy (Salmale Ton 2002, p. 446). Planning the Information Strategy is critical for an organization that aims at maximizing its utilization of resources. The main objectives of the planning stage for information strategy include establishing an effective information strategy, which relies on complete evaluation of business strategies (Mua Goy 2002, p.14). Establishing technical strategy for the most efficient use of new or advanced information technology, as well as establishing developmental plans of unique user-oriented sisters that will meet information priorities and needs of an organization are other objectives. They also include the definition of a unique information architecture that will enable future developments of remarkable systems for data sharing. Upon meeting these objectives, the organization will achieve its full potential. As Salmale and Ton (2002, p.446) reckon, Formal information strategy planning structure makes it easier for management in an organization to integrate information systems (IS) or information technology (IT) projects with various events and plans in other subsystem and vice versa. In addition, utilizing various strategies for discussing new ideas prior to adoption of information strategy is significant. For instance, utilizing brainstorming session will aid the organization to come up with new ideas for adopting and using information strategy. In their studies, Salmale and Ton (2002, p. 454) recommend utilization of four cycles method in making long lasting decisions about organizations’ ICT infrastructure. The first cycle is agreeing on stakeholders, as well as planning objectives. The second cyc le involves aligning business objectives as well as information objectives. The third cycle concerns itself with analyzing all resources and infrastructure of the organization, while the last cycle involves authorizing actions. The advantage of this method is the periodical updating of the plans for information strategy organization and ICT infrastructure, thus, eliminating hiccups. Challenges faced in adopting information strategy Many organizations face diverse challenges while implementing information strategy. These challenges come in different forms and require thorough scrutiny in eliminating them. As Salmale and Ton (2002, p.442) reckon, â€Å"with the advent of new technologies such as Internet, the challenge of aligning information strategy with business is more significant and difficult than ever before†. In essence, organizations should employ professionalism in dealing with these challenges in order to avoid losses. The basic tasks worth performing before adopting any information strategy include developing and implementing strategic visions, governing all the projects, allocating all the resources required, ensuring effective management commitment, and planning the entire infrastructure (Thomas Dent-Micallef 1997, p. 386). In addition, information flow is another challenge. Ineffective communication has diverse and detrimental effects on the organization. As Chung-Hoon and Young-Gul (2003, p. 662) posit, more customers are lost through lack of follow up. Because of the complexity of the information in large organizations, information flow encounters a barrier, thus, decreasing efficiency in the organization. In this regard, companies should strive to ensure efficient flow of information between various departments. Chung-Hoon and Young-Gul (2003, p. 667) propose a unique framework of dynamic customer management consisting of three stages: customer acquisition stage, customer retention stage, and customer expansion stage. Using this framewo rk, organization will stand a chance to keep all the information concerning it customers. In addition, this information will be easily available to salespeople, making it easy for the organization to follow its customers. Conclusion Based on the diverse expositions discussed in the paper, adopting information strategy in an organization is paramount especially in the current world characterized by globalization and stiff competition. Moreover, efficient methods and strategies for embedding information technology in an organization into exiting processes are paramount. Organizations should identify them to achieve their goals and objectives. The organization responsibilities, as well as roles, require redefinition to match with information strategy that an organization is adopting. Encouraging development and research activities on adoption and maintenance of unique information technology in organizations is also paramount. It is imperative for all systems, projects, and organization al practices, to correspond with values of information strategy in an organization. References Akmanligil, M., Prashant, P., 2004. Strategies for global information systems Development. Information Management, 42(1), pp. 45-59. Chung-Hoon, P., Young-Gul, K., 2003. A Framework of dynamic CRM: Linking Marketing with information strategy. Business Process Management Journal, 9(5), pp. 652-671. Michael, T., 2003. IT as a Booster of Economy. Oxford: Oxford UP. Print. Mua, M., Goy, N., 2002. Factors Affecting IT. New York: Word Press. Print. Peters, S., Heng, M., Vet, R., 2002. Formation of the information systems strategy in A global financial services company. Information and Organization, 12(1), pp. 19- 38. Salmale, H., Ton, A., 2002. Dynamic and emergent information systems strategy formulation and implementation. International journal of Information Management, 22(1), pp. 441-460. Thomas, P., Dent-Micallef, A., 1997. Information Technology as Competitive Advantage: The Role of Human Business and Technology Resources. Strategic Management Journal, 18(5), pp. 375-405. This critical writing on Adopting an Information Strategy was written and submitted by user Barbara Berry to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

This is an essay that takes place in Ancient Rome, from the perspective of a Slave who was captured in war and must teach the children of his new master.

This is an essay that takes place in Ancient Rome, from the perspective of a Slave who was captured in war and must teach the children of his new master. Teaching: A New BeginningMy name doesn't matter. I was just a slave of Rome. I mean, now that my sepulcher, tomb, has been inscribed, and an epitaph placed on, I am just a story in the wind. See, I started out in this world a free man in Greece, and by the time I was 20, the ups and downs of my life became more and more frequent, and my life became almost total anarchy, without rule. The vicissitudes and changes of my life kept getting worse and worse. Greece has just defeated us, and I have been sold into slavery. The Romans think they are omnipotent because they destroyed our civilization and forced us into slavery. In a way, all they did was destroy an excellent culture and conjured as if by magic, instant slaves. Many of the slaves lamented and wailed which is mourning the dead, for days.An 1852 Wallachian poster advertising an auction o...I ended up in the home of Augustus Alexander Socrates Plautus, my master. My job was to teach his children to make them ready and acceptable t o society. What I taught them prepared them for life, as well as academic success. Although, they did object to what I taught them when I taught it to them, I believe if they could see me now they would thank me."CHILDREN!!!! Settle down," I roared as the children and I sat down for our first lesson.Alexander Remus, the oldest replied, "Now watch what you teach us, make sure it isn't blasphemy, and doesn't go against our religion or the twelve tables.""I think I will judge what is acceptable and what is not," I sternly replied, with a hint of a smile."Okay, today we will go over the main goals of this course," I stated matter of factly to...

System Map of a Garden Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

System Map of a Garden - Essay Example This paper highlights a system map of a farm garden. The system is comprised of various sub systems and sub-sub systems based both on the consumer’s perspective and the farm garden’s operations manager. The sub systems for the garden include restraints, water, vegetation and water. The subsystems have elements that are important in the productivity of the outputs of the garden. Before production takes place, various inputs have to be used including animals, plants, expertise and chemicals. All these have to be supplied by different suppliers. The garden performs as a consumer as well as a producer of products such as animals (rabbits, dogs and cats), honey, vegetables and fruits among many other products. The supply network involves a lot of suppliers including organizations and individuals. The supply chain of the garden could be improved if the garden adopts an information system that monitors the flow of products within the garden the system could reports any issues in terms of scarcity and glut. In case of any purchases, the system should record each supplier with the product supplied, its quantity and date. Lastly, in case of any payments made, the system should also note down. A control system that establishes quality of products produced by the garden should also be put in place with respect to the information technology. A system diagram is a diagram that illustrates the various elements of a given system that is involved in productivity of a given organization.... In the structures sub system, the sub-sub systems include the compost bin, pergola, glasshouse and the seating. The consumer views the garden as a place that one could obtain vegetables or fish for consumption as well as perceiving the place as fit for relaxation. The external environment for the garden is the farm compound that is found within a serene environment while the internal environment is the one comprised of the system, subsystems and sub-sub systems as described earlier. 2.0 The Farm Garden System from an Operations Manager Perspective The farm manager is the person in charge of the farm and therefore oversees the activities and running of the farm. All activities mentioned in the garden system above are under the supervision of the farm manager. There is no farm that is independent and similarly, the farm garden is not independent as it makes products that are sold outside the farm while it uses products that are also consumed within the garden. Based on this perspective , a garden system could be drawn with the farm operations manager’s perspective taking into consideration the suppliers of the farm. The farm operations manager perceives the farm garden as a system that supports wildlife. Based on this system, the farm could act as a consumer as well as a supplier of vital components. Therefore, the major components of the system are suppliers, consumers and the producers. The farm on which the garden is situated performs two roles that are consumption of products and services offered by external suppliers and acting as a producer. The farm garden in the eye of the farm gardener is a system that supports wildlife. In such a system, the garden has wildlife elements on it that include wildlife in the sub system of

Classroom Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Classroom Management - Essay Example This essay explores the classroom management field that demonstrates the progression of ensuring that teaching and impartation of knowledge is undisturbed by undesired students who through disruptive behavior can cause disturbance while a class is in session. The researcher states that application of management in a classroom at times can prove to be intricate while trying to teach and experiencing such crisis can cause teachers to depart. The reason behind for the departure of teachers from the teaching field is caused by the attitudes and discipline of the negative students. Classroom management can be based on motivation, discipline and respect. Every academic year witnesses the adoption of various rules and systems but unfortunately by the middle of the term most often these rules are broken. The researcher suggests that in order to understand as to how to implement CM one needs to understand the mentality of every student. Various approaches of classroom management, such as the self discipline approach wherein the student can be trusted to investigate and change their behavioral pattern. The Desist approach that was also presented in the essay proclaims that the teacher has full responsibility in controlling the classroom. In conclusion, the researcher states that the most important aspect is to construct a positive relationship between the teacher and student thereby creating a constructive educational atmosphere and sums up that every student should develop a sense of trust, sovereignty and inventiveness.

Leadership and Organisational Performance Essay - 1

Leadership and Organisational Performance - Essay Example The modern world is witnessing change as almost a continuous phenomenon – Globalization, Optimization, Transformation, Competitiveness, etc. The dynamics of the global markets & corresponding businesses have caused increased pressures on the modern leaders to sustain & improve organizational performance. Proactiveness, Analytics, Research, Honesty, Out of Box thinking, Continuous Learning, Knowledge Sharing & Management, Directions, Team Motivation, Skill Management & Enhancement, Evolution & Focus on strategic Organizational Goals, Customer Orientation, Sound Governance, Technology Understanding & Leveraging, Automation, etc. are key attributes of a Modern Leader in order to establish the path to success & take the entire organization along with him/her on this path towards well thought of & established goals. All successful leaders are the ones who have been successful to sustain & enhance the performance of the organizations they lead and ensure success & good image among P ublic, Customers, Stake Holders, Government & Employees. To grow, flourish & be successful in the modern Global Competitive markets, the Leadership Team of an organization should structure & manage the internal system to ensure Flexibility, Creativity and Excellence by addressing the following building blocks of success: Result Orientation: The internal system is completely fine-tuned towards achievement of results that delight the customers, stakeholders, the board, the Government and the Employees. Customer: The Internal System is strongly oriented towards customer focus to achieve optimum levels of Customer Satisfaction. Management by data & facts: The technology enablement of the internal system such that adequate data is captured from all the systems and modelled in Business Intelligence Systems such that the exact performance of processes within the organization and their reasons are clearly evident. People involvement: People are involved in strategic decision making such that decisions are taken based on ideas from wider groups within the organization and not just by virtue of the thought process of few individuals sitting on the top. People Development: The skills & capabilities of people are developed in such a way that their consolidated outputs form a large competency model of the organization that supports the Competitive Advantages of the organization in the target markets & businesses. Partnership Development: Developing efficient & competent partners to the business either from within the organization or from the external market Continuous Learning: Developing internal Knowledge Management Framework to capture all explicit knowledge and also to ensure transition of tacit knowledge into explicit knowledge Innovations, Technology Enablement & Automation: The success of an organization depends a lot on the underlying IT systems & the corresponding processes that are used to effectively automate the business transactions of the

Training Scenario In Indian Industry Management Essay

Training Scenario In Indian Industry Management Essay Training  is an educational process. People can learn new information, re-learn and reinforce existing knowledge and skills, and most importantly have time to think and consider what new options can help them improve their effectiveness at work. Effective trainings convey relevant and useful information that inform participants and develop skills and behaviors that can be transferred back to the workplace. The goal of training is to create an impact that lasts beyond the end time of the training itself. The focus is on creating specific action steps and commitments that focus peoples attention on incorporating their new skills and ideas back at work. Training can be offered as skill development for individuals and groups. In general, trainings involve presentation and learning of content as a means for enhancing skill development and improving workplace behaviors. Organizational Development  is a process that strives to build the capacity to achieve and sustain a new desired state that benefits the organization or community and the world around them. (from the Organizational Development Network website) OD work implies creating and sustaining change. An OD perspective examines the current environment, the present state, and helps people on a team, in a department and as part of an institution identify effective strategies for improving performance. In some situations, there may not be anything wrong at the present time; the group or manager may simply be seeking ways to continue to develop and enhance existing relationships and performance. In other situations, there may be an identifiable issue or problem that needs to be addressed; the OD process aims to find ideas and solutions that can effectively return the group to a state of high performance. These two processes, Training and Organizational Development, are often closely connected. Training can be used as a proactive means for developing skills and expertise to prevent problems from arising and can also be an effective tool in addressing any skills or performance gaps among staff. Organizational Development can be used to create solutions to workplace issues, before they become a concern or after they become identifiable problem. http://traininganddevelopment.naukrihub.com/images/1.JPG ROLE OF TRAINING TRAINING SCENARIO IN INDIAN INDUSTRY TRAINING PROGRAMS IN RETAIL/FMCG SECTOR Some of the training programs that are given in the retail sector are: Sales Training On-the-Job Training Seminars/Workshops Customer Relationship Management Online Course Group Study Computer-Based Training TRAINING IN BANKING AND INSURANCE SECTOR Favourable economic climate and number of other factors such as growing urbanization, increasing consumerism, increase in financial services for people living in rural areas etc, has increased demand for wide range of financial products that has led to mutually beneficial growth to the banking sector and economic growth process. In the insurance sector also, rapid expansion has created about 5 lakh job opportunities approximately in the past five years. These openings are mainly in the field of insurance advisors or marketing agents. The eligibility criteria for this job is graduation with some experience in marketing or become insurance agents after completing school but this needs some relvant training. Earlier there were no training programs as such for insurance agents but on-the-job training only that was given once the new agent was appointed. But now the scenario has been changed, with the coming up of big players like  ICICI Life Insurance, ICICI Lombard, HDFC Life Insurance, Tata AIG General Insurance, etc in this sector, people whove had some formal training are preferred while recruitment because it can be helpful in the insurance field. TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT IN IT/SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT INDUSTRY With the growing investment by IT companies in the development of their employees many companies have now started their own learning centers. As an example, Sun has its own training department. Accenture has Internet based tool by the name of My Learning that offers access to its vast learning resources to its employees. Companies are investing in both the technical training, which has always been an essential part in IT industry, as well as in managerial skills development. Companies now kept aside 3-5% of revenue for training programs. As an example, some of the major players like Tata Elexi and Accenture are allocating 7% and 3% respectively of the companys overall revenue. TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT IN HOSPITALITY SECTOR Programs are available for the following areas: Food Production Food and Beverage Service Front Office Housekeeping TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT IN KPO SECTOR With the expected increase in number of employees, training has become the core of KPO industry as well. No matter how much qualified the person is he needs to be trained on processes. As the name itself implies, knowledge, this sector requires high level of functional know-how as well as domain know-how. There is a constant need of well-planned training programs as the work profile requires understanding of market research objectives and methodologies. This sector requires behavioral training as well as training to handle stress because of odd working hours. If a person is committed to deliver quality, and is willing to learn with positive attitude then definitely KPO is the right place to work for him. EFFECTIVENESS OF TRAINING FOR AN EMPLOYEE IN AN ORGANISATION Companies invest quite a bit on the training and development of their employees. On the other hand, there are companies which refrain from investing in training. This is partly because they doubt whether such investments would pay back anything to the organization. However, today, most managers in companies appreciate the importance of training and want to invest in their employees training and development. Human Resources (HR) departments in companies could play an important role in capitalizing this opportunity and put in place systems and processes to make training more effective. Here are a few actions that HR could take: LINK TRAINING TO OTHER SYSTEMS: Training is part of the development process. However, development would mean understanding the capabilities of individual employees, identifying gaps and focusing on the right training for the right person. We can see that this leads to linkage of training with recruitment and performance appraisals. Recruitment, i.e., the entry point of an employee in the company, is the best starting point for tracking capabilities of employees. Capturing the profile of an employees capabilities at this stage helps the company build on his strengths and develop them further. Similarly, performance appraisals which are a periodic exercise, give adequate opportunity for organizations to take stock of the capabilities of employees and identify the gaps or the desired capabilities that need to be developed, and which emerge either from the career aspirations of the individual or business plans of the company. MAKE TRAINING A SYSTEMATIC ACTIVITY: An employee receives a call from a Manager out of the blue one day, who asks her to attend a training program on communication to be held two days later. The employee is unprepared. There are other priorities lined up for the week. Suddenly, the employee is having to do her bit to either re-prioritize, or re-schedule activities, or, worse still, stretch herself for the next two days to complete some of the high priority assignments in a hurry so that she can attend the training program. All this only leads to the employee going to the training program in a totally unprepared frame of mind. A positive and receptive mood, that is necessary for learning, is absent. The time and the money spent on the program turns out to be a waste. This is a common scenario in many companies treating training programs as one off events to which employees need to be sent. HR can do a lot to take control and make training a lot more of a systematic activity. Planning for programs adequately beforehand, preparing the employee with reading material or exercises, sending alerts and other communication related to the training at different stages before the program-all these would help. In all, planning well in advance, preparing the employee, laying the foundation for an eagerness to optimise the benefit derived from the program-all these will help. TRACKING OF TRAINING ACTIVITIES: Many companies have metrices such as number of man days of training. Some track them periodically, but most do not. It is necessary to compare the tracking of training to that for compensation. Compensation is tracked meticulously, analysed in depth across departments, levels, functions and so on. The same level of meticulousness, however, is missing in the case of training. Metrices, however, need to be carefully analysed and presented to the stakeholders periodically, to help them focus their efforts and plan for the training in a systematic manner. FEEDBACK LOOP: Measuring training effectiveness has always been a challenge, given the fact that the direct correlation between the training effort and results on the job cannot be clearly established. However, no one can deny that training contributes in a very significant manner to both improvement in the knowledge, skills and performance of a companys employees, as well as the overall business performance of the company.. Such training- performance correlation has been well established, and thus, the best employers worldwide invest significantly and systematically in training their personnel. Notwithstanding the fact that the direct correlation between a training program and improvement in the performance of an employee who has undergone such a training program, is by now indisputable, collecting feedback on the impact will help in fine tuning the efforts made towards training. In this context, there exist three stages of process for collecting feedback on training. Timing is very important here. The first stage is immediately after the completion of the program. The main objective of this feedback is to get to know how well the trainer delivered the program, the usefulness of the content and effectiveness of the methodology. The second stage would be the collection of feedback thirty days from the completion of the program. The objective here would be effectiveness in retention, and the question to be asked is this: are the learnings from the program still retained by the employee? BLEND OF METHODOLOGIES: Learning styles differ from one individual to another. To elaborate, the manner of teaching and learning different subjects can vary. What works for a training program on a technical subject may not necessarily work well for a behavioral area, and vice versa. With the leveraging of technology and proliferation of the net learning culture, learning is no longer confined to the traditional manner of training. Each of the methodologies have their respective advantages and disadvantages. A particular methodology may work well in a specific context and not so well in another. The cost would also vary from one methodology to another. It becomes the responsibility of the training personnel to choose the most appropriate methodology for the appropriate organizational context, for a particular subject and for the appropriate audience. Instead of trying to choose what works best, one may choose to provide two or three options with the same objectives, i.e., learning and improvement in the capa bilities of the employees. What would help in effective implementation of all the factors mentioned above:   A good and comprehensive training management system. Such a system covers all the areas mentioned above and involves all the stakeholders, employees, managers, HR/training function and the leadership. Trained and dedicated personnel to manage the training. It is desirable to have a dedicated team to oversee the training process in a company. However, given the size of companies today, some small ones may not be able to dedicate full time personnel. In such cases, the responsibilities need to be clearly built into that of the HR system of these companies.

Student-Centered Learning :: Education Teaching Papers

Student-Centered Learning Recently, the buzzword for school wide educational reform is student-centered learning. My last year teaching, the administration threw around this term, yet no in-services were in place on this subject in order to accomplish the goal. Even Atlanta Public School's strategic technology plan uses the common student-centered learning phrase, " Teachers will move from mentor in the center to guide on the side." However, very few teachers actually use this approach in their classrooms. One example of an excellent student-centered learning activity was "Biomes in a Box." A colleague of mine used this project, her students work in teams to research and create a biome of a particular climate of their choosing. I observed students using various forms of media including the Internet and CD-ROM resources to research their particular biome. They constructed the climate conditions of that biome using various raw materials at their disposal. In the end, they presented their biome to the class with an oral discussion of the climatic elements involved with that biome. The students were so proud and so actively involved in their learning. It was a great success. I am sure that "Biomes in a Box" will be one lesson those students learned in that school. Even though some teachers use this new approach successfully in their class, my concern is that not all of the teachers can or even know how to change from the "mentor in the center" to "guide on the side." Has the school systems come up with way to change the mindsets of these teachers and show them how to make their classrooms active learning environments? No, they are just content to throw the phrase around without determining how to bring about student-centered learning in the classrooms. So what is Student centered learning? Is it the cure all for the ailing public education system? What tools need to be in place in order to facilitate a student-centered learning environment? What kind of in-service or extra training will be necessary in order to foster the student-centered classroom? In this paper, I will define student-centered learning, explain the key attributes to this type of learning process, and identify the tools that will facilitate its growth. From Mentor in the Center to Guide on the Side "Students should be presented with real life problems and then helped to discover information required to solve them" John Dewey

How Far Do You Agree World War One Was Mainly Responsible for the 1917 Revolution?

How far do you agree that world war one was mainly responsible for the 1917 revolution? World war one was one of the main reasons for the breakout of revolution in 1917, however other factors can be brought about to suggest that it wasn’t only the main reason for the breakout of revolution in 1917. Aspects such as the decisions and actions of Tsar Nicholas can also be identified as important features for the breakout of revolution alongside the social and economic strains and the lack of political reform.All factors have characteristics to suggest that they were the main reason for the breakout of war, however the impact of world war one can be viewed as playing the larger role on the reason for breakout in 1917. The actions of the tsar Nicholas prove to be an important factor for the breakout of revolution in 1917. In 1915 when the Tsar decided to take full control of the army he was creating even further inconveniences for himself. Due to the fact that the Tsars main attenti on was spent on the army, the day to day running of the government was left to his Tsarina Alexandra Feodorovna.The problem was created through the fact that the Tsarina was greatly influenced by Grigori Rasputin. Rasputin damaged the Tsars reputation as anybody who wanted to gain power would have to befriend Rasputin. Many governors and politicians either resigned or were relieved of their position due to Rasputin. This had a large effect on the Russian people as the Tsars attention was fully towards the war and not on the problems faced by the people.This would have been a growing source of discontent which backs up the argument that the Tsars neglect of the Russian troubles back in Russia would have been one of the main reasons for the outbreak of revolution in 1917. The impact of world war one in Russia can be viewed as one of the characteristics that play a large role in the reason for outbreak of revolution in 1917. The war for the Russian people meant that all fuel, food and coal were being concentrated on being provided to the soldiers on the front line.The effect of this was that Russian people were being neglected of these goods which they needed almost as profusely as the Russian soldiers did. Growing dissatisfaction would have occurred throughout the Russian people as nothing took place to try and relieve these hardships that they were experiencing. This would have led to the even further loss of faith and support in the Tsar and would provide an evidently profound reason for revolution. Furthermore, during world war one over a million soldiers were either killed or taken prisoner.This largely lowered morale between the soldiers and many of them fled. The support of the army would have been lost due to these results as the Tsar was seen mainly as the responsibility for the horrific results of war. Dissimilar to the 1905 revolution were the Tsar had the army on his side, the fact that the Tsar lost the support of the army made his chances of survivi ng the revolution very thin. Moreover, another leading factor for the breakout of revolution in 1917 was the social and economic strains faced by the Russian people.The outbreak of revolution during 1905 was partly due to the social and economical strains experienced by the Russian people however, conditions decreased further during the build up to revolution in 1917. The war was costing profoundly more than they could afford, Russia left the gold standard and started to print money which caused inflation. This added to the discontent of the Russian people as it meant that the price of living also went up yet they had no income to afford basic goods.This was due to the fact that many factories were closed down and the crop yield was being directed to the soldiers at war. This left the Russian people isolated as they had little, if any means of income to buy basic necessary items. Too make matters worse for both the Tsar and the Russian people, little action was taken in aid of these inconveniences. Before the war Moscow had been receiving 2200 railway wagons of grain per month in 1914; however by Christmas 1916 this reduced to only 300.This therefore resulted in the accumulative discontent of the Russian people which only made matters worse for the Tsar as the likely hood of the occurrence of revolution was high. The lack of political reform can accountably be taken in as one of the main reasons for the outbreak of revolution in 1917. The union of zemstva provided medical facilities for the army; however the government did not know how to incorporate them into its own war effort. Moreover, the progressive Bloc called for a government of public confidence in which the ministers would be responsible for the Duma.However, Tsar Nicholas refused to listen to any of their demands, this resulted in the ministers who campaigned for change and reform; were either dismissed or resigned. Due to the fact that no reform was made, all the blame was directed to the Nicholas. Reform was needed greatly at this time yet no reform occurred, this accumulated the ever rising dissatisfaction of the Russian people. Furthermore, as a result of Nicholas’s lack of political reform the support of political parties became very minute.In conclusion, I agree that world war one played a large characteristic in the reason for breakout of war; however it does not act as the aspect mainly responsible for revolution. Other reasons such as the lack of reform, the economic and social strains and the actions taken by Tsar Nicholas played an equal role in the reason for the outbreak of revolution in 1917. World war one can be interpreted as a ‘trigger’ towards the revolution rather than being the main cause. Revolution would likely occur even without the impact of world war one, yet due to the timing, acts as a catalyst towards the revolution in 1917.

Free Essays on Colonialism in Nigeria

Colonialism in Nigeria By: Meg E-mail: BumpSki1224@aol.com Colonialism in Nigeria The earliest known documentation of Nigeria is that it was the sight of a group of organized states called Hausa. The earliest Nigerians were the Nok people. These Noks were skilled artisans, but they didn’t last long. The Noks had disappeared by the second millennium. The Southwest region of Lake Chad, Africa was ruled by the Kanem-Bornu during the 8th century. By the 1300’s, the empire of Kanem-Bornu was a flourishing center of Islamic culture, rivaling Mali in the west. As this African kingdom began to stagnate, the western states fell under the rule of Songhai and the empire fell in result. During the 15th century, Nigeria was a very prosperous country with great cultivation and trading. By the late 16th century, the Kanem-Bornu broke up and the Hausa states regained their independence. In the 19th century, the Fulani then took dominance in the lands of Hausa and the southern part of the country was divided at this time. In the west, Yoruba ha d their own states; the Edo ruled in Benin in the south-central parts; and the Ibo had control in the east, in and north of the Niger delta. People such as Mungo Park, Richard Lemon Lander, and John Lander first explored the interior in 1830-31. Realizing the potential of the area, the Portuguese, the British, and others established slave-trading stations in the Niger delta. The British sent consuls to Calabar and Lagos, where traders were established, and they took full possession of Lagos. The British then established protectorates after the conclusion of several treaties with the native chiefs and in 1893, the name Niger Coast Protectorate was established. Then, in 1900, after expansion in the southwest, which brought about the addition of the kingdom of Benin, the name was changed to the Protectorate of Southern Nigeria. In the same year, the British proclaimed the protectorate of Northern Nigeria ... Free Essays on Colonialism in Nigeria Free Essays on Colonialism in Nigeria Colonialism in Nigeria By: Meg E-mail: BumpSki1224@aol.com Colonialism in Nigeria The earliest known documentation of Nigeria is that it was the sight of a group of organized states called Hausa. The earliest Nigerians were the Nok people. These Noks were skilled artisans, but they didn’t last long. The Noks had disappeared by the second millennium. The Southwest region of Lake Chad, Africa was ruled by the Kanem-Bornu during the 8th century. By the 1300’s, the empire of Kanem-Bornu was a flourishing center of Islamic culture, rivaling Mali in the west. As this African kingdom began to stagnate, the western states fell under the rule of Songhai and the empire fell in result. During the 15th century, Nigeria was a very prosperous country with great cultivation and trading. By the late 16th century, the Kanem-Bornu broke up and the Hausa states regained their independence. In the 19th century, the Fulani then took dominance in the lands of Hausa and the southern part of the country was divided at this time. In the west, Yoruba ha d their own states; the Edo ruled in Benin in the south-central parts; and the Ibo had control in the east, in and north of the Niger delta. People such as Mungo Park, Richard Lemon Lander, and John Lander first explored the interior in 1830-31. Realizing the potential of the area, the Portuguese, the British, and others established slave-trading stations in the Niger delta. The British sent consuls to Calabar and Lagos, where traders were established, and they took full possession of Lagos. The British then established protectorates after the conclusion of several treaties with the native chiefs and in 1893, the name Niger Coast Protectorate was established. Then, in 1900, after expansion in the southwest, which brought about the addition of the kingdom of Benin, the name was changed to the Protectorate of Southern Nigeria. In the same year, the British proclaimed the protectorate of Northern Nigeria ...

Why are we learning US history

Why are we learning US history Introduction Currently, there are numerous demands from the desire to live in the present and focus on the future. This has resulted from the countless uncertainties that people are faced with. As a result, many students may fail to understand the importance of studying early American history at this point in time when they are supposed to be taught about current issues and how to cope with future contingencies (Holt 76).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Why are we learning US history? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This has made many opt to go for science subjects whose purposes they believe are easy to discern. It has to be noted that history is very important; in fact indispensable. Nevertheless, it results are hardly tangible and may not be seen immediately like those of other subjects such as engineering. Learners ought to know that history is very essential not only to individuals but also to the entire societ y. Understanding the society By studying American history, students are able to understand people and the society well. It is by looking at the history of a specific society that one can be able to unravel the mystery of why the society behaves in a specific manner. There are numerous scientific laws that have been put forward in an attempt to explain human behavior. These laws have only been made to stand their grounds by being based on past experience hence underlining the importance of history (Holt 89). Most of the present students have been born at the time when America has already seen civilization. Consequently, it is very hard for such students to understand that technological innovation has a greater influence in the society. It is only by studying the history of the specific society that they can be able to systematically understand the evolution the society has undergone. It is hard for one to solve current problems without knowing the origin of the problem. For instance, to counter a problem such as alcoholism, people have gone to the extent of investigating how alcoholism has been in the past years. Through this, they have been able to learn variations in rate of alcoholism and factors that have contributed to the variations (Holt pp. 124-132). History has greatly contributed in solving the problem of alcoholism in the society. This is because researchers have managed to predict its trend based on the historical trends. Low voter turnout is a major problem that currently affects the American. It is only by looking at the history of the voter turnout that Americans can come up with a lasting solution to the problem. Consequently, by learning American history, students are in a better position of educating the society on the importance of turning out in large numbers for such events (Stearns 256).Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More They can base their arguments on some of the challenges that were later experienced after elections and attribute them to low voter turnout thus encouraging voters to participate in elections. With every American looking forward for a healthy political environment, this can only be achieved by revisiting the history of its politics, look at the various changes that have emerged and how they have contributed towards improving it or ruining it. Despite a contemporary analysis of the political environment helping in highlight some of the problems; it can not effectively bring out all the problems affecting the American politics. History has to be leveraged for this to be achieved. Moral understanding and sense of identity History contributes to moral understanding and creating a sense of identity. By studying American history, students are presented with varied complexities and dilemmas that past heroes and heroines came across in the past and how they coped with them. As a result, they become inspi red by them thus working towards improving their standards in bid to be improve their identity and be associated with the past heroes and heroines (Stearns pp. 260-263). It is through studying history that students can understand their background. This would help them identify with a specific lineage and learn how their families have coped with historical changes. History helps in creating good citizenship History is a vital subject towards bringing up loyal citizens. This is one of the major arguments that been used in supporting inclusion of the subject in curriculum. One can not love his or her country without first understanding the hardships it has gone through to reach where it is as well as how and why various institutions have been established. By understanding these, one can gauge his or her country with others, acknowledge the achievements made and look for ways to make it better thus becoming a loyal citizen (Stearns 258). Further, studying history helps one learn how pas t, present and future changes that shape citizens’ lives occur or may occur and the impacts they are likely to have. It is through studying the American history that students will be able to develop mental habits that are important for responsible social conduct. Conclusion It is evident that history is indispensable. For some of the scientific theories to be formulated they have to base their arguments on past historical facts. Consequently, learning the American history helps in understanding the social fabrics of the Americans, how the country has evolved and related with its neighbours thus facilitating in molding students to be loyal citizens in future.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Why are we learning US history? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Holt, Thomas C. Thinking Historically: Narrative, Imagination, and Understanding. New York: College Entrance Examination Board, 1990. Stearns, Peter N. Meani ng over Memory: Recasting the Teaching of History and Culture. Chapel Hill, N.C.: University of North Carolina Press, 1993.

The Boer War Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The Boer War - Research Paper Example Compared to the British troops, the Boers were not as disciplined and organized; they had no set uniform, and as soon as a confrontation broke out, they immediately gathered up to form a unit and elected a commander. The Boer troops had no proper uniforms or weapons and vastly depended on hunting guns in order to launch an offensive against the well-equipped British troops. Their weapons included field guns and pistols, and they were also armed with shotguns; most of the Boer troops often traveled with at least 8 days of supplies. Unlike the British troops, their marksmanship was not the result of intense training regimes, but was learned through experience. The Boers were not soldiers but mere hunters or farmers that earned them the name ‘Boer’. The people had no real access to ammunitions either, and when they ran out of proper weapons, they usually relied on stealing or capturing the weapons of the British.The British had realized that the only way they could subdue t heir opponent was by attacking their formation and not their position; which meant that they were trying to cut off their access to their supplies. Any sort of siege had seemed pointless for their excellent marksmanship that made any sort of progression towards their base completely pointless. They even had their ranges marked out with white stones and fired according to them and soon the British troops were ordered to avoid going near white stones on the ground.  Ã‚   Since the South Africans were devout Christians, many of the people did not believe.

Perspectives on Friendship Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Perspectives on Friendship - Essay Example From this report it is clear that  Mohammed and the author were playing in the yard when thay were suddenly attacked by a group of three boys who were members of a gang in school. They took our football and even threatened to beat them if they did not cooperate with them; the author remember how Mohammed was scared when the author confronted the three boys to leave them alone. The boys were very incensed that the author  had even dared to argue with them and vowed to make life very difficult for both of them but that did not scare me even an inch. the author was firm in my resolve to fight back and resist any challenge they would put us to, thus, the author did not move even an inch when one of the older boys advanced and looked him straight in the eye with his blood-shot piercing eyes.  This essay stresses that  Mohammed and the author have also found ourselves in trouble many times, especially with law enforcement officers for petty offenses like going to parties as minors with fake IDs and driving without licences. On many occasions, their parents have been informed of our offenses and they have subsequently been grounded for days; on his eighteenth birthday, for instance, Mohammed and the author were cruising in his father’s car when traffic officers caught up with him for over-speeding. Fortunately for them, his father was not very angry with him for taking his car and nearly crushing it by over-speeding but he gave them a comprehensive lecture on careful driving.

Demand and Supply Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Demand and Supply Analysis - Essay Example b) The relationship between the quantity demanded and the price is of negative relationship while that between quantity supplied and price shows a positive relationship. Quantity demanded of a commodity according to the theoretical information is the quantity of a commodity that a buyer is willing and able to purchase at the prevailing market prices (McEachern, 2011). When prices go up few buyers will be willing to buy depending on the nature of the good. This shown by the negative gradient depicted by the demand function of -2, it means that for every 1 unit increase in price quantity demanded reduces by 2 units. Quantity supplied on the other hand is with reference to suppliers and producers. It is defined as the quantity of goods and services that a provider is willing and able to produce and supply at the prevailing market prices (McEachern, 2011). Suppliers are always willing to supply more when prices are high as opposed to when they go down. This is depicted by the positive gr adient of the supply curve of +1. This means that if prices are increased by 1 unit, quantity supplied also increases by 1 unit. c) The slope of the demand function is -2; this means that an increase in price by 1 unit solicits a reduction in quantity demanded by 2 units. d) The slope of the supply function is of +1. This means that an increase in price by 1 unit solicits an increase in quantity supplied by the same unit. 12. ... 1. Among the ten countries, price elasticity of demand for food is high in Tanzania and it decreases sequentially with Tanzania having the highest price elasticity all the way to the US having the lowest elasticity. This is explained by the general principle that with general increase in income demand for food normally goes down while that of luxury and junky foods goes up (Tucker, 2008). Developing countries still have a population that is still of the need of basic needs like food, this explains the reason as to why developing countries like Tanzania have high price elasticity of demand. Both the quantity demanded and supplied of the commodities in Tanzania is composed of food and food products. The agricultural products also add to the supply of food into the economy (Tucker, 2008). Consumers in developing countries with relation to food are related to then food prices and their income. Rise in income in such countries leads to an increased consumption. Changes in prices also thre aten the food consumption patterns in such countries. The only food consumption that is not threatened is that of basic staple foods. This implies that there is high purchase of foods and foodstuffs in Tanzania than the same is for the US. High purchases are realized in staple foods. On the contrary, consumption of high value foods like meat experiences high purchases in the US (McEachern, 2011). 2. Fig. 2: Tax effect on demand and Supply 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. Before taxation is imposed on the commodity, the equilibrium quantity is Qe while the equilibrium price is Pe. Tax has the tendency of normally increasing prices of commodities as well as

Body language Essay Example for Free

Body language Essay I wasnt too sure on what to wear when I performed my interaction. From previous research into communication I am aware that this can affect the quality of communication. For example dark and gloomy clothes sometimes can indicate you being in bad mood and could prevent clients approaching you. However if you were to wear bright and colourful clothes then it would give the impression that you are happy and friendly and easier to approach. I decided to go for clothes in the middle of bright and dark, however I am still unsure whether this had an effect on the communication shown. At the end of my interaction I gave a member of the group my questionnaire to fill in about the interaction (appendix 1). I wanted to make sure that I gained some feedback from interaction to see whether I was effective in achieving my purpose. I structured that questionnaire very simply, and clear so the child would have no problem in being able to fill it in. the child who I asked to complete my questionnaire filled it all in, and they ticked YES for every box. This would indicate to me that my interaction was a success on the basis of that it was fun, exciting, and there was nothing too bad that affected them in the interaction. This would show that I was successful in achieving my purpose, which to me is a great accomplishment. I got some feedback from this pupil on the questionnaire which was very interesting and useful, however I wanted to make sure that I had an assessment sheet filled in about me to look more specifically at my skills that I demonstrated, what was good about them, what was bad and also to see if I achieved my purpose. Therefore I gave Mrs Paterson, an observation sheet about me to fill in (appendix 2) you can see from the sheet that Mrs Paterson rated me highly on most of the skills. However there were a few points which she had to make. PERSONAL IMPROVEMENTS AND ACTION PLAN One of my main problems that occurred during this interaction was that I found it very hard to observe the type of communication, group layout which was going on as well as performing my own personal communication skills within the group. I think that if I was going to do the interaction again I would probably video record it therefore I could go back and see what I did wrong but also what type of communication skills and patterns occurred. This would be a very effective way in which I could evaluate myself critically in order to create a more efficient action plan. I expressed before about how I felt very nervous and intimidated by the interaction. I think that this could be improved by practice, and just making sure that I remain as calm as I possibly can. Being aware of my body language too is essential too. I also feel that to improve the quality of the interaction I would need to find out ways in which I could include other group members, which were lacking in joining in. I am not entirely sure on a method which I could choose to help me learn this other than teacher training, and obviously this is not possible. However what would be possible is to talk to some teachers, to find out information about how to make clients feel valued and belonged within the group more than what I know already. I gave the observation sheet to Mrs Paterson to write about my interaction. Mrs Paterson did rate me slightly lower on a couple of issues. These were really useful to me in aiding me to create a realistic action plan. For example she quoted: Tone of voice at times she found it difficult to calm her voice down, due to nervousness. Â  Appropriate responsiveness and calmness again Leanne found it hard at times to remain calm, however it did improve towards the end. I completely agree with the comments that Mrs Paterson made about my poor communication. I knew that I was finding it hard to calm down and make my voice and body language relaxed during the interaction. I did feel that I made an improvement towards the end whilst I got into the activity more. This is definitely something I need to work on and improve for further interactions such as this. I am going to make a conscious effort to improve on the poor things about my interaction, because it is vital that I can be effective whilst communicating. Im going to make sure that when Im in an interaction such as this I am going to try and calm myself down before I enter the group interaction. There were so many things that I have become aware or further whilst doing this interaction. And again I feel that it is essential for me to be trained, or get more experience in interacting within a group. For me to improve my interaction I would need to study my assessment sheet to look at where I went wrong, and how I could improve it to make sure that a next interaction is Im proved and that I have learnt from my poor communication. CONCLUSION This experience has been a very large learning experience for me. Before this I had learnt about all the different types of effective communication, however I never actually knew how incredibly difficult it is to put them into practice. There is so much for and health and care social worker to remember when interacting with their clients. I think that it takes a very talented person to be good at their job within this area. I enjoyed my interaction with the group so much, and I have already decided to go back in the future, to try my group interaction to perhaps try out my action plan. What made this experienced even more enjoyable is the fact that the children relished the activity as much as what I did. When I went to go after my interaction I was actually disappointed on how quickly the time had gone. The children who I was working with seemed to have formed a bond with me and were also upset to see me go too. I think that I was very successful in achieving my purpose of the interaction, and this was reflected through not only the effective communication skills I demonstrated but also that of the amount of enjoyment we all experienced. This has certainly given me a lot to contemplate on, I have learn a lot about myself, as well as how imperative effective communication is in this type of setting. Another thing, which I think has been a vital learning point, is the fact that health and social care workers give so much to their clients. Teachers need to make sure that they are demonstrating communication skills the whole time, but also to leave their own personal or emotional problems at home, because it can effective the relationships between them and the clients. This must be extremely hard to do. I would imagine that this job is very satisfying.

James Stewart :: Entertainment Film Papers

James Stewart "In a career of extraordinary range and depth, Jimmy Stewart has come to embody on screen the very image of the typical American.... His idealism, his determination, his vulnerability, and above all, his basic decency shine through every role he plays..."-- The American Film Institute. The Nature of Film and Acting When film was young, acting was overdone. Low quality cameras could only record large movements; posing and enunciation were overstated as a result of theater acting; the development of the character was limited to a script. Starting in the 1930's film acting became more natural. Actors could interpret scripts to find emotion and motivation in their characters. Good acting relies on a kinesthetic, an intrapersonal, and an interpersonal intelligence, all of which work together to form a creative expression. There exist limitless styles of acting; there is always something to learn. The physicality of the actor is the most important part of the creation of the character. Since all experiences are interpreted through a physical means (i.e. our senses), the kinesthetic actor can evoke a response from his audience by connecting his actions to their lives, memories, or emotions. By having distinct facial features or a certain body build, the actor's mere physical presence can convey some detail of his character. However, the most important part of the kinesthetic intelligence in acting is the knowledge of one's body, where it is, what it's doing, and what message it's conveying. This is more than just muscle movement. It includes physique, timing, rhythm, voice and mannerisms. When we watch movies, we notice emotion and characterization mainly in the eyes and mouth. However, a man can not just act from the neck up. What his body tells us is just as important as what his face tells. Try It! Make your body tense. Tighten every muscle you can. Now, smile. How do you feel? How would you appear to feel? For the actor, the hands are a good place to release energy, but conveying meaningful messages through the hands is hard to do. Also, overuse of gestures can be dizzying to a viewer. Voice is another excellent means of communicating the unstated. From sincerity to sarcasm, we can tell as much from the way something is said as from the words themselves. Underneath the physical lies the actor's presence. The intrapersonal unconsciously comes through in the form of a persona that the audience can further relate to.

Music and Memory in D. H. Lawrence’s Piano Essay -- Literature

D. H. Lawrence’s poetry is said to often be of â€Å"great biographical interest† (Encyclopedia Britannica), and his poem â€Å"Piano,† written in 1918, eight years after the death of his mother, illustrates his attachment to his mother through the device of an unwilling memory evoked when he hears a woman singing. Though Lawrence’s relationship with his mother is said to have been â€Å"an intensely—often labeled abnormally—close relationship† (Pearson and Watson), it is also said that it was she who encouraged him to obtain an education and to write. His mother was a teacher, and according to Norton, it is her â€Å"delicacy and refinement† that he â€Å"allied† himself with rather than his less educated, coarse coal miner father (2248). It is she whom he sided with in the conflict-ridden relationship he witnessed between his parents. According to Wart, â€Å"Piano† expresses Lawrence’s personal response when a â€Å"song stirs memories of childhood and his mother,† involuntary as these memories may be. However, though it may be true that we should never assume that the speaker of a poem is, indeed, the poet, according to Semansky, â€Å"Lawrence's work invites us to, as he has always woven autobiographical material into his writing.† Lawrence’s â€Å"Piano† may thus be considered to be the recounting of unwanted and involuntary emotional memory brought about as a response to music. â€Å"Piano† begins by describing a setting conducive to reflection and remembrance, â€Å"Softly, in the dusk, a woman is singing to me† (Line 1). Intimacy is implied in the setting: â€Å"the dusk,† the singing being â€Å"soft† and seemingly personally directed to one individual all lend themselves to an aura of intimacy. This encounter draws Lawrence back through the â€Å"vista of years† (Line 2). In fact,... ..., 1900 to Present. New York: Facts On File, Inc., 2009. Bloom's Literary Reference Online. Facts On File, Inc. http://www.fofweb.com/activelink2.asp?ItemID=WE54&SID=5&iPin= CBPNP235&SingleRecord=True (accessed April 4, 2012). Rexroth, Kenneth. "Introduction." D.H. Lawrence: Selected Poems. New Directions, 1947. 1-23. Rpt. in Literature Resource Center. Detroit: Gale, 2012. Literature Resource Center. Web. 2 Apr. 2012. Saunders, Clifford. "Critical Essay on 'Piano'." Poetry for Students. Vol. 6. Detroit: Gale Group, 1999. Literature Resource Center. Web. 2 Apr. 2012. Semansky, Chris. "Critical Essay on 'Piano'." Poetry for Students. Vol. 6. Detroit: Gale Group, 1999. Literature Resource Center. Web. 2 Apr. 2012. Wart, Alice Van. "Critical Essay on 'Piano'." Poetry for Students. Vol. 6. Detroit: Gale Group, 1999. Literature Resource Center. Web. 2 Apr. 2012.